What is energy?- theability to cause motion or create change-Energy is not matter; it is not a solid,liquid, or gas, all of which have mass-Energy can be transferred from one form toanother, usually releasing heat in the process.2.What are other forms of energy?- sound, light, or heat (thermal), chemical,mechanical, kinetic, potentialSound1. What is soundenergy?- Soundwaves (vibrating air)2. How is sound made?- Soundis produced by vibrating objects.3. Sound travelsthrough a medium. What sort ofthings can be a medium?- Matter(solids, liquids, and gasses)4. Can sound travelthrough a vacuum?

The big ideas in Fifth Grade Science include learning about the life, earth, and physical sciences by exploring them within the framework of the following topics: “Ecosystems: Terrestrial and Aquatic” (characteristics and interactions); “Landforms and Oceans” (natural processes and the ocean floor); “Properties of Matter” (mixtures and solutions); and “Forces and Motion” (position.

Why or why not?- NO!(A vacuum is an absence of matter.)5. What is pitch?- Howhigh or low a sound is.

The more something vibrates in a specificamount of time, the higher the frequency of the sound waves and the higher thepitch.6. What is volume?- Howloud or soft a sound is.7. What is an echo?- Whensound waves bounce off a hard surface.Light. In whichdirection does light normally travel?-Light travels in astraight line unless(a) it strikes an object, or(b) it travels from one medium to another.

What three things can happen when light strikesan object? Give an example for each.a. Refracts (bends)-Light can be refracted when it goes from one transparent medium into another,such as how the pencil looked like it was in two pieces when we looked at it ina glass of waterb. Reflects- Light is reflected when it hitsan object and bounces off, such as when it hits a mirrorc. Absorbed- Light that hits an object and isabsorbed turns into heat (and the rest is reflected, allowing us to seedifferent colors), which is why black clothes are hotter than white clothesElectricity. What is electricity?- Electricityis the movement of electrons. Electricity can produce light, heat, and sound.

What is an electronand where would you find one?- Electronsare parts of atoms; the fancy answer is electrons are negatively chargedparticles that are components of atoms and they orbit the nucleus of atoms. What is staticelectricity?- whena build up of negative charges jumps to a positive charge. What does an electricalcircuitneed for an electric currentto flow?- acomplete, unbroken loop of conductors with a power source. What is an insulatorof electricity?

Give three examples.Insulators do notallow electricity to flow easily; rubber, plastic, wood, glass6.What is a conductor ofelectricity? Give three examples.Conductors allow electricity to flow easily; humans, water,copperMagnetism1. How many poles does every magnet have? What are thenames of those poles? North pole and South pole3. When do they repeleach other?

Same poles repel, so North facing North or South facing South4. When do they attracteach other? Opposite poles attract, so North facing South or South facing North5. What materials are magnetic?- Onlyiron, nickel, and cobalt, or materials made with these ingredients, such assteel6. What does “ magnetic” mean?- Materialswhich can be attracted by a magnet7.

What is an electromagnet?- An object that becomes a magnetwhen electricity passes through it.8. Wires in anelectromagnetic circuit need to be in what shape?-coiled (ideally,around an iron core)9. What happenswhen the electricity is turned off?- The magnetismstops.Other Forms of Energy.Thermal (heat) -when energy transfers forms (states) itgives off heat.Heat (or its absence) causes matter to change states.When heat is added, matter goes from solid to liquid, orliquid to gas i.e. Ice melts.When heat is removed, matter goes from gas to liquid, or liquid tosolid i.e. Water freezes 1.

How is heat energy measured? - With thermometers2. What is mechanical energy?- Mechanicalenergy is the name of any energy that has the ability to do work3. What is kinetic energy?- Theenergy of something moving i.e. Rolling ball, light, sound4. What is potential energy?- Storedenergy i.e. A ball sitting at the top of a hill, water held in a tankTESTFORMAT-MatchingVocabulary-MultipleChoice (MCAS-style questions)-OpenResponse – Can you answer questions using your knowledge of energy?

What is energy?- the ability to cause motion or create change-Energy is not matter; it is not a solid, liquid, or gas, all of which have mass-Energy can be transferred from one form to another, usually releasing heat in the process.2. What are other forms of energy?- sound, light, or heat (thermal), chemical, mechanical, kinetic, potentialSound1. What is sound energy?- Sound waves (vibrating air)2. How is sound made?- Sound is produced by vibrating objects.3.

Sound travels through a medium. What sort of things can be a medium?- Matter (solids, liquids, and gasses)4. Can sound travel through a vacuum? Why or why not?- NO! (A vacuum is an absence of matter.)5. What is pitch?- How high or low a sound is. The more something vibrates in a specific amount of time, the higher the frequency of the sound waves and the higher the pitch.6. What is volume?- How loud or soft a sound is.7.

What is an echo?- When sound waves bounce off a hard surface.Light. In which direction does light normally travel?-Light travels in a straight line unless(a) it strikes an object, or(b) it travels from one medium to another. What three things can happen when light strikes an object?

Give an example for each.a. Refracts (bends)- Light can be refracted when it goes from one transparent medium into another, such as how the pencil looked like it was in two pieces when we looked at it in a glass of waterb. Reflects- Light is reflected when it hits an object and bounces off, such as when it hits a mirrorc.

Absorbed- Light that hits an object and is absorbed turns into heat (and the rest is reflected, allowing us to see different colors), which is why black clothes are hotter than white clothesElectricity. What is electricity?- Electricity is the movement of electrons.

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Electricity can produce light, heat, and sound. What is an electron and where would you find one?- Electrons are parts of atoms; the fancy answer is electrons are negatively charged particles that are components of atoms and they orbit the nucleus of atoms.

What is static electricity?- when a build up of negative charges jumps to a positive charge. What does an electrical circuitneed for an electric current to flow?- a complete, unbroken loop of conductors with a power source. What is an insulator of electricity? Give three examples.Insulators do not allow electricity to flow easily; rubber, plastic, wood, glass6. What is a conductor of electricity? Give three examples.Conductors allow electricity to flow easily; humans, water, copperMagnetism1.

How many poles does every magnet have? What are the names of those poles? North pole and South pole3. When do they repel each other? Same poles repel, so North facing North or South facing South4. When do they attract each other? Opposite poles attract, so North facing South or South facing North5.

What materials are magnetic?- Only iron, nickel, and cobalt, or materials made with these ingredients, such as steel6. What does “ magnetic” mean?- Materials which can be attracted by a magnet7. What is an electromagnet?- An object that becomes a magnet when electricity passes through it.8. Wires in an electromagnetic circuit need to be in what shape?-coiled (ideally, around an iron core)9.

What happens when the electricity is turned off?- The magnetism stops.Other Forms of Energy.Thermal (heat) -when energy transfers forms (states) it gives off heat.Heat (or its absence) causes matter to change states.When heat is added, matter goes from solid to liquid, or liquid to gas i.e. Ice melts.When heat is removed, matter goes from gas to liquid, or liquid to solid i.e. Water freezes 1. How is heat energy measured? - With thermometers2. What is mechanical energy?- Mechanical energy is the name of any energy that has the ability to do work3.

What is kinetic energy?- The energy of something moving i.e. Rolling ball, light, sound4. What is potential energy?- Stored energy i.e. A ball sitting at the top of a hill, water held in a tankTEST FORMAT-Matching Vocabulary-Multiple Choice (MCAS-style questions)-Open Response – Can you answer questions using your knowledge of energy? Minerals. A mineral is an inorganic, naturallyoccurring, chemical substance with a definite crystal structure.

Quartz and diamond are two minerals. Minerals can be identified by checking their (1)color, (2) luster, (3) cleavage, (4) streak, and (5) hardness.III. Soilo Soilis formed by a mixture of organic and inorganic materials.o Inorganicmaterials for soil come from weathered rocks and minerals.o Organicmaterials for soil come from dead, decomposing plants and animals, microbes, andsmall organisms such as worms, all of these things provide nutrients to helpplants grow.o Soilis fertile when it has a good balance of organic and inorganic materials, waterand air.o Propertiesof soil include: color, texture (size of particles), the ability to retain water,and the ability to support the growth of plants.IV.